Prevention and Eradication of Ebola in Nigeria Coursework

Prevention and Eradication of Ebola in Nigeria - Coursework Example Ebola virus refers to the genus Ebolavirus that include five different virus species named for the region where they were primarily detected. They are Zaire ebolavirus, Bundibugyo ebolavirus, Reston ebolavirus, Sydan ebolavirus and TaÃ'â€" Forest ebolavirus. All of the species of the Ebolavirus genus contain one member virus. Among these viruses four provoke Ebola virus disease (EVD) in humans and Reston ebolavirus causes EVD in other primates. (Jens H. Kuhn, 2010) Ebola virus disease, also called Ebola hemorrhagic fever and defined as an acute usually fatal disease in humans. EVD characterized with the damage of the immune system and organs. Ebola virus has a quite high rate of the replication. After entering the human body through the contact with skin breaks or mucous membranes it rapidly replicates in different types of cells of the immune system such as monocytes, macrophages and dendritic cells and other types of cells such as fibroblasts, adrenal gland cells and liver cells. T he immune cells transport the virus to the lymph nodes where further replication occurs and viral parts enter the blood stream. (Duane J. Funk, 2015) Hence, the virus major target is immune system cells especially macrophages. Virus reproduction in the immune cells triggers their programmed cell death that leads to the weakened immune system response. After three days of the virus exposure it affects endothelial cells that form endothelium a thin layer of the interior surface of the lymphatic vessels and blood vessels.